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International Journal of Myriapodology 7: 15–68, doi: 10.3897/ijm.7.3110
The centipedes (Chilopoda) of Corsica: catalogue of species with faunistic, zoogeographical and ecological remarks
Marzio Zapparoli 1, Etienne Iorio 2
1 Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy
2 Attaché au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN) - DSE USM 602, 9 impasse Sarturan, 13005 Marseille, France

Corresponding author: Marzio Zapparoli (zapparol@unitus.it)

Academic editor: Pavel Stoev

received 21 March 2012 | accepted 7 May 2012 | Published 5 June 2012


(C) 2012 Marzio Zapparoli. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


For reference, use of the paginated PDF or printed version of this article is recommended.

Abstract

Published and unpublished data on the centipedes of Corsica (France) is summarised and critically reviewed in this paper. Thirty-three species are listed and discussed (1 Scutigeromorpha, 11 Lithobiomorpha, 4 Scolopendromorpha, 17 Geophilomorpha), one of which is new to the island: Henia (Pseudochaetechelyne) brevis (Silvestri, 1896). General geographical distribution, chorotype, exact localities and ecological notes (altitudinal range, habitats) are given for each species. Eight species are Corsican endemics. Taxonomic remarks are given for some species. General notes on the composition of the centipede fauna of Corsica and its zoogeographic affinities as well as remarks on the ecology of the species and their assemblages are also included.

Keywords

Scutigeromorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha, Geophilomorpha, taxonomy, distribution, zoogeographic analysis, ecology, catalogue, Corsica

Introduction

Corsica (42°21'–43°00'N, 8°30'–9°30'E) is the fourth largest island of the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia and Cyprus. Compared with other myriapods (see for instance Rémy 1940a, 1940b) or with the centipedes of Sardinia (Zapparoli 2009, 2011), the centipedes of Corsica are still inadequately known.

Pocock (1894) was the first to publish a report on the centipedes of Corsica. In his paper he recorded only seven species: Eupolybothrus nudicornis(Gervais, 1837) (as Lithobius impressus C.L. Koch, 1841), Lithobius pilicornisNewport, 1844 (as Lithobius doriae Pocock, 1890), Cryptops hortensis(Donovan, 1810) (as authored by Leach, 1815), Cryptops trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902 (as Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844), Scolopendra oraniensisLucas, 1846 (as Scolopendra affinis Newport, 1844), Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870) and Henia vesuviana(Newport, 1845) (sub Chaetechelyne Meinert, 1870). These were collected in Ajaccio, Bastia and Corte during the zoological exploration of the island organized by the British naturalist Robert Francis Scharff (Scharff 1894).

At the beginning of the 19th century the French zoologists Léger and Duboscq (1903) reported 26 taxa from the island, four of them described as new to science (two of these are still valid).

Subsequent contributions (Brölemann 1926, Verhoeff 1926) added few novelties to our knowledge of Corsican centipedes. The quite extensive paper of Verhoeff (1943) put on record the material collected by the French myriapodologist Paul Rémy in 1942.

Manfredi (1956) recorded the subterranean centipedes collected by Rémy during another short trip in the island in 1948. Finally, Iorio (2004a, 2009, 2010b) added new faunistic data alongside descriptions of two new cave-dwelling Lithobius species.

Iorio (2010b) and Iorio and Geoffroy (2008) have recently published illustrated keys for the identification of all Lithobiomorpha and Scolopendromorpha of France including Corsica; the key published by Brölemann (1930) for Geophilomorpha, updated by those in Bonato and Minelli (2008, 2011) for Stenotaenia and Geophilus of the carpophagus species-complex, is still useful although incomplete.

The aim of this paper is to summarise existing information on the distribution and ecology of the centipedes of Corsica. Thus it can be a source of information not only for taxonomists, biogeographers and ecologists but also for a larger number of people involved in the wildlife management, landscape planning, and environmental impact assessment. For further details on geography, geology, climate and present-day vegetation of the study area see for instance Reille et al. (1997) and Gamisans (1999).

Material and methods

The present catalogue is based on critically reviewed literature records and unpublished material. Species are listed according to the arrangement provided by Geoffroy and Iorio (2009) with the most recent nomenclatural updates (e.g., Minelli 2006, Zapparoli 2006, Bonato and Minelli 2008) also being taken into consideration.

The following information is provided for each species:

– scientific name, author and year of publication according to Minelli (2006);

– bibliographic references relevant to Corsican centipedes are listed chronologically/alphabetically, with the name of the species, author and year of description as originally quoted; uncertain records are quoted with a “?” and discussed under Remarks;

– literature records for the epigeic and cave localities are arranged separately according to the administrative provinces (Corse-du-Sud, 2A; Haute-Corse, 2B) and listed alphabetically; localities are spelled mainly according to those of the Michelin road map (2002); in order to give a more precise position for localities, details about toponyms are added in square brackets; generic citations from the Sardinia-Corsica geographic complex and Corsica are also included; each locality is followed by the corresponding bibliographic data (given as a number directly referring to the list of bibliographic references for the species) and, in order to give a first account on the ecological distribution of the species, assigned to the corresponding altitudinal belt of the present-day vegetation - in square brackets - according to the classification of Gamisans (1999) (see also Reille et al. 1997); for epigeic localities, the elevation above sea level, as well as information on vegetation or habitat, as originally quoted, is also given as available; for each cave; the elevation of the entrance according to Rémy (1950) is given when available;

– the material examined is listed in the same way as in the literature records: locality, vegetation type and/or habitat, elevation above sea level, date, number, age and sex of specimens, collector and repository are given for each record as available; collecting methods are also mentioned if known;

– general geographical distribution, mainly as a list of the countries or geopolitical units from where the species is known according to Zapparoli (2006, 2009) or critically derived from the literature (Minelli 2006) or from other updated checklists and reviews (e.g., Stoev and Geoffroy 2004, Bonato et al. 2005, Geoffroy and Iorio 2009, Kime and Iorio 2010, Spelda 2005, Zapparoli and Minelli 2005, 2006, Lindner 2007, Akkari et al. 2008, Andersson et al. 2008, Barber 2008, 2009, Berg et al. 2008);

– chorotype according to Zapparoli and Minelli (2005) based on the classification proposed by Vigna Taglianti et al. (1993, 1999);

– ecological notes as a synthesis of the published and unpublished available data on the altitudinal range and habitats it occurs in Corsica; for each habitat the number of sites where the species has been collected is given in parenthesis, a list of references where habitat data in Corsica has been published is also given and a classification of the species recorded in caves according to the classic trogloxene, sub-/eu-troglophilic and troglobitic categories (Balbiano d’Aramengo et al. 2004) is proposed;

– remarks including taxonomic notes, comments on uncertain records and descriptions of the material examined where relevant. In the descriptions of lithobiomorph specimens, the body length is measured from the anterior margin of the head shield to the posterior end of the intermediate tergite (adult specimens) or to the posterior end of the trunk (larvae).

Terminology for external anatomy follows that of Bonato et al. (2010).

Abbreviations

Repositories: CEI = E. Iorio collection, Marseille (France); CMZ = M. Zapparoli collection, Viterbo (Italy); NHMW = Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Austria); NHMD = Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen; MNHN = Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (France).

Species identification: EI = E. Iorio, MZ = M. Zapparoli.

Collectors: AVT = A. Vigna Taglianti, EB = E. Bayon, EP & HE = Enghoff-Poulsen & H. Enghoff, JML = J.-M. Lemaire, JR = J. Raffaldi, KT = K. Thaler, LF = L. Fancello, MZ = M. Zapparoli, RA = R. Argano, VS = V. Sbordoni.

Literature records and material examined: ex/exx = specimen/specimens; imm. = immature/immatures; Is. = island/islands.

Other: VaC = anterior spine on the ventral side of the coxa of the leg; DpP = posterior spine on the dorsal side of the prefemur of the leg; lp = number of leg-bearing segments.

List of the species Order Scutigeromorpha Pocock, 1895 Family Scutigeridae Gervais, 1837 Scutigera Lamarck, 1801
1. Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Scutigera_coleoptrata

1) Scutigera coleoptrata L. [sic]: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
2) Scutigera coleoptrata L. [sic]: Manfredi 1956: 294.
3) Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758): Minelli 1978: 155.
4) Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758): Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
5) Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758): Iorio and Geoffroy 2007a: 53.
6) Scutigera coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 674.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (3). Corsica, garrigue (5). Corsica (1, 4, 6). Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Giraglia Is. (4) [I]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Furiani], cave of Sulane, [240 m] (2) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Macinaggio, Route du Douanier, low maquis, 30 m: 9.IV.2004, MZ, 1 larva with 11 lp MZ det. (CMZ) [I].

General distribution.

Europa: Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (including Cherso Is.), Czech Republic, France (mainland, Corsica), Germany (southern), Greece (mainland, insular including Crete), Hungary (southern), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal (mainland), Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain (mainland, Balearic Is.), Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine (including Crimea); North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia; West Asia: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Turkey; Central Asia: Turkmenistan. Introduced in central and northern Europe (British Is., Channel Is., mainland Denmark, north and central France, The Netherlands), Atlantic islands (Azores, Bermuda, Cape Verde, Canary, Madeira, Salvage, St. Helena); Austral Africa (Angola, Cameroon, Kenya, Mozambique, Republic of South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe); North (Canada, USA), Central (Mexico) and South (Argentina, Uruguay) America; South-east Asia (Taiwan, Vietnam) (Stoev and Geoffroy 2004, Andersson et al. 2008).

Chorotype.

Centralasiatic-Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

30–240 m; recorded only from localities in the Mesomediterranean belt, in low maquis (1 site) and garrigue (1 site). Also in caves (1 site; subtroglophilic species). See Manfredi (1956), Rémy (1950).

Remarks.

To this species must be referred the generic quotation of “Scutigère” published in Rémy (1950: 9) from the cave of Sulane (collection date 1948) later published by Manfredi (1956).

Order Lithobiomorpha Pocock, 1895 Family Lithobiidae Newport, 1844 Eupolybothrus Verhoeff, 1907 Subgenus AllopolybothrusVerhoeff, 1907
2. Eupolybothrus (Allopolybothrus) nudicornis (Gervais, 1837)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Eupolybothrus_nudicornis

1) Lithobius impressus Koch: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Lithobius impressus C.K. (= nudicornis Gervais?): Léger and Duboscq 1903: 308.
3) Lithobius impressus corsicus Léger & Duboscq 1903: 308, 316, fig. 1 (sub Lithobius (Polybothrus) impressus corsicus).
4) Polybothrus impressus Koch: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
5) Polybothrus impressus corsicus Lég. [sic]: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
6) Lithobius impressus: Brölemann 1926: 232.
7) Bothropolys impressus corsicus Léger et Duboscq: Jeannel 1926: 191.
8) Polybothrus impressus Koch: Verhoeff 1926: 271.
9) Bothropolys elongatus, subsp. corsicus (Legér et Duboscq, 1903): Brölemann 1930: 249, fig. 390.
10) Polybothrus elongatus corsicus Lég. and Dub.: Verhoeff 1943: 18.
11) Bothropolys sp.: Manfredi 1956: 292.
12) Eupolybothrus (Allopolybothrus) elongatus (Newport, 1849): Minelli 1978: 153.
13) Bothropolys elongatus corsicus (Léger et Duboscq, 1903): Demange 1981: 248.
14) Eupolybothrus nudicornis (Gervais, 1837): Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
15) Eupolybothrus nudicornis corsicus Léger et Duboscq, 1903: Iorio 2004a: 32.
16) Eupolybothrus (Allopolybothrus) nudicornis (Gervais, 1837): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 674.
17) Eupolybothrus (Allopolybothrus) nudicornis (Gervais, 1837): Iorio 2010b: 41, 93, 95,  fig. 130.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (12). Corsica (4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Aidone [= Aitone], 1050 m (10) [II]. Ajaccio (3, loc. typ. of Lithobius (Polybothrus) impressus corsicus Léger and Duboscq, 1903) [I]. Bonifacio (17) [I]. Ocana, canton d’Ajaccio (17) [I]. Villanova, canton d’Ajaccio (17) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Cap Corse (3, loc. typ. of Lithobius (Polybothrus) impressus corsicus Léger and Duboscq, 1903) [I]. Casanova, Saint Pierre de Venaco (17) [I]. Corte (1, 3, loc. typ. of Lithobius (Polybothrus) impressus corsicus Léger and Duboscq, 1903) [I]. Corte, Lac de Melo, 1711 m, hygrophilous meadow around the lake (15) [IV]. Haute-Asco, near Mount Cinto, ca 1700 m, hygrophilous meadow (15) [IV]. Valdoniella [= Valdu Niellu] (10) [III]. Vizzavona (2, 8) [III]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Lano], cave e’ Cherpinede, [800 m] (11) [II].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Evisa, falls of Aitone, Pinus laricio wood, 900 m: 17.IV.2004, MZ, 7 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Evisa, falls of Aitone, 1000 m: 3.VIII.1997, MZ, 4 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Porto, between Col de la Croix and Plage de Tuara, low maquis, 200–250 m: 14.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [I].Propriano, St. Maria Sichè, [500 m]: 3.I.2007, LF, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Zonza, surroundings: 13.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Asco River valley, 1000 m: 6.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♂ imm., 4 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Cap Corse, Col St. Lucia, Tour de Seneca, Quercus ilex wood, 450 m: 11.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Col de Vergiu, eastern slope, 1150 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [III]. Corte, Restonica Valley, Pinus laricio wood, 1080 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 2 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Macinaggio, Route du Douanier, low maquis, 30 m: 9.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Nebbio, Col Verzu, maquis, 300 m: 12.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ imm., 1 imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Vizzavona, Fagus sylvatica wood, 1600 m: 2.IV.1991, RA, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [III].

General distribution.

Europe: France (mainland, Corsica), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Malta, Spain; North Africa: Algeria (north), Libya (north–west), Morocco (north–east), Tunisia (north, central) (Stoev et al. 2010).

Chorotype.

W-Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

30–1700 m; a species recorded from localities in all the vegetation belts, from the Mesomediterranean to the Subalpine and Oromediterranean, in a wide range of habitats, in Pinus laricio woods (2 sites), Fagus sylvatica woods (1 site), Quercus ilex woods (1 site), maquis (2 sites), low maquis (1 site), montane hygrophilous meadows (2 sites); also in caves (1 site; trogloxene species). See Rémy (1950), Manfredi (1956), Iorio (2004a).

Remarks.

This is the only species of the genus present in the study area. Records from Corsica published under Eupolybothrus impressus (C.L. Koch, 1841) by Pocock (1894), Léger and Duboscq (1903), Verhoeff (1925a, 1926) and Brölemann (1926), or under Eupolybothrus elongatus (Newport in Lucas, 1849) by Minelli (1978) (also in Lithobius, in Bothropolys Wood, 1862 or in Polybothrus Latzel, 1880), are referred to this species according to Stoev et al. (2010).

Eupolybothrus nudicornis corsicus (Léger & Duboscq, 1903) is currently considered a junior synonym of Eupolybothrus nudicornis nudicornis (Gervais, 1837) because, apparently, no distinctive morphological charactes are recognizable between the two forms (e.g., Jeekel 1967, Iorio 2008). Although the hooked spine on male prefemur 14 (DpP) presumed as distinctive of Eupolybothrus nudicornis corsicus has been observed in almost all the mature and intact male specimens examined here (5 ♂♂, Col de Vergiu, 1150 m; 2 ♂♂ Evisa, falls of Aitone, 900 m), specimens with 14 DpP normal (1 ♂) or asymmethric (hooked on one side, normal on the other side: 2 ♂♂) have been also found in one locality (Evisa, falls of Aitone, 900 m). Molecular studies are currently in progress to clarify previous taxonomic interpretations and to detect cryptic diversity in the Eupolybothrus nudicornis group of species. Preliminary results show that Sicilian and Sardinian populations are well separated from the remainder of the species hitherto referred to as Eupolybothrus nudicornis with genetic distances similar to those exhibited among distinct species in the genus (Stoev et al. 2010, Porco et al. 2011).

The generic record of a single immature specimen from the cave of Cherpinede, probably belonging to Bothropolys elongatus corsicus according to Manfredi (1956), is also referred to this species. To this material in part refers the generic quotation of “Chilopodes” published in Rémy (1950: 27) from the same cave (collection date 1948).

The subgeneric assignment is according to Jeekel (1967), but see Stoev et al. (2010).

Lithobius Leach, 1814 Subgenus Lithobius Leach, 1814
3. Lithobius (Lithobius) aidonensis Verhoeff, 1943

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_aidonensis

1) Lithobius aidonensis Verhoeff 1943: 16, fig. 22.
2) Lithobius aidonensis valdoniellensis Verhoeff 1943: 16.
3) ? Lithobius aidonensis Verh.: Manfredi 1956: 292.
4) Lithobius aidoniensis Verhoeff, 1943: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
5) Lithobius (Lithobius) aidonensis Verhoeff 1943: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
6) Lithobius (Lithobius) aidonensis Verhoeff 1943: Iorio 2010b: 22, 73, fig. 95.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (4, 5, 6). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Aidone [= Aitone], near, 1050–1070 m, “in wald” (1, loc. typ. of Lithobius aidonensis Verhoeff, 1943) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Lento, Tralimonti (6) [I]. Olmi-Cappella (6) [II]. Valdoniella [= Valdu Niellu], near Aidone [= Aitone], 1050 m (2, loc. typ. of Lithobius aidonensis valdoniellensis Verhoeff, 1943) [II]. Cave. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Cargèse, cave Manuel-Ange (6) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Castiglione, cave Labarecco (6) [I]. Lano, cave e’ Cherpinede, [800 m] (3, 6) [II].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Olmi-Cappella, near the cemetery: 20.XI.2010, JR-JML, 2 ♂♂ EI det. (CEI) [II].

General distribution.

Corsica (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009).

Chorotype.

Corsican endemic, W-Mediterranean affinities (?).

Ecological notes.

1050–1070 m; recorded only from localities of the Mesomediterranean and Supramediterranean belts. Epigeic, one record from a forest habitat (1 site); also in caves (3 sites; trogloxene species). See Verhoeff (1943), Rémy (1950), Iorio (2010b).

Remarks.

Manfredi (1956) doubtfully assigned to this species a female from the cave of Cherpinede (Lano). To this material in part refers the generic quotation of “Chilopodes” published in Rémy (1950: 27) from the same locality (collection date 1948).

The identity of Lithobius aidonensis valdoniellensis with Lithobius aidonensis, first suggested by Minelli (2006) was formalized by Iorio (2010b).

4. Lithobius (Lithobius) blanchardi Léger & Duboscq, 1903

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_blanchardi

1) Lithobius acuminatus Bröl.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 309.
2) ? Lithobius dentatus C. K.?: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 309.
3) Lithobius Blanchardi Léger & Duboscq 1903: 310, 317 (sub Lithobius (Archilithobius) Blanchardi).
4) ? Lithobius calcaratus C.K.?: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 310.
5) Lithobius acuminatus Bröl.: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
6) Lithobius blanchardi Lég. [sic]: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
7) ? Lithobius calcaratus Koch: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
8) ? Lithobius dentatus Koch: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
9) Lithobius acuminatus: Brölemann 1926: 231.
10) Lithobius Blanchardi: Brölemann 1926: 231.
11) Lithobius acuminatus Brolemann [sic], 1892: Brölemann 1930: 288, figs 430–431.
12) Lithobius Blanchardi Léger et Duboscq, 1903: Brölemann 1930: 300.
13) Lithobius acuminatus cassinensis Verh.: Verhoeff 1943: 18.
14) Lithobius acuminatus Bröl.: Attems 1949: 112.
15) ? Lithobius dentatus C. Koch [sic]: Attems 1949: 114.
16) ? Lithobius calcaratus C. Koch [sic]: Attems 1949: 116.
17) Lithobius tricuspis Mein.: Manfredi 1956: 292.
18) ? Lithobius calcaratus C.L. Koch, 1844: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
19) Lithobius cassinensis Verhoeff, 1925: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
20) Lithobius tricuspis Meinert, 1872: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
21) Lithobius (Lithobius) blanchardi Léger & Duboscq, 1903: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
22) ? Lithobius (Lithobius) calcaratus C. L. Koch, 1844: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
23) Lithobius (Lithobius) cassinensis Verhoeff, 1925: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
24) ? Lithobius (Lithobius) dentatus C. L. Koch, 1844: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 676.
25) Lithobius (Lithobius) tricuspis Meinert, 1872: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 679.
26) Lithobius (Lithobius) blanchardi Léger & Duboscq, 1903: Iorio 2010b: 23, 41, 74, fig. 96.
27) ? Lithobius (Lithobius) dentatus C. L. Koch, 1844: Iorio 2010b: 42.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio (3, 26, loc. typ. of Lithobius (Archilithobius) blanchardi Léger and Duboscq, 1903) [I]. Villanova (26) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Casanova, Saint Pierre de Venaco (26) [I]. Corte (26) [I]. Mount Renoso (26) [IV]. Olmi-Cappella (26) [II]. Patrimonio (26) [I]. Vizzavona (1, 2, 4, 13) [III]. Cave. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - [Conca], cave Tavonu [Tavono in Rémy 1950] de Nuaia N. 1, [60 m] (17) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Castiglione], cave of Sabara, [600 m] (17) [I]. [Moltifao], cave of Pietralbello, [240 m] (17) [I]. [Omessa], cave Cabanuli, [435 m] (17) [I]. [Solaro], cave i Paladini, [250 m ca] (17) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Col de Bavella, NE slope, 1100 m: 14.VII.1982, AVT, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Evisa, falls of Aitone, 1000 m: 3.VIII.1997, MZ, 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Evisa, Castanea sativa wood above the village, 850 m: 13.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Ota, near, 350 m: 1.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♀ subadult MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Zonza, surroundings: 13.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♂ without VaC 15th MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Asco River valley, 1000 m: 6.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ subadult MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Corte, Restonica Valley, Pinus laricio wood, 1080 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 2 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Between L’lle Rousse and Corbara, 42° 37'08"N, 8°56'30"E, EP & HE, 6 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 ♀ subadult MZ det. (NHMD) [I]. Mount Cinto, NW slope, 1700–1900 m: 29.VII.1982, AVT, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (2+2 gonopodal spurs), 2 ♀♀ subadult (1+1-2+2 gonopodal spurs) MZ det. (CMZ) [IV]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - Caporalino, cave of Monte A Supietra: 2010, JR-JML, 1 ♀ EI det. (CEI) [I]. Castiglione, cave of A Leccia Torta, [670 m]: 2010, JR-JML, 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ EI det. (CEI) [I].

General distribution.

Corsica (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009); because of the synonymy of Lithobius cassinensis with Lithobius blanchardi (see Geoffroy and Iorio 2009) also in Italy and possibly in the south-east of France.

Chorotype.

W-Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

350–1100 m, altitudinal range probably wider; recorded from localities in all the vegetation belts of Corsica, especially the Mesomediterranean, apart from the Alpine belt. The few habitat records for this species are from forest locations (Pinus laricio, 1 site; Castanea sativa, 1 site); also in caves (5 sites; trogloxene species). See Rémy (1950), Manfredi (1956).

Remarks.

Léger and Duboscq (1903: 309) recorded from Vizzavona (as Lithobius dentatus) a female 10 mm long and with 43 antennal articles and a female (as Lithobius calcaratus C. L. Koch, 1844) 11 mm long with 49 antennal articles. Although no further comments were provided the authors considered both records uncertain marking them with a question mark. These records were later uncritically repeated by Verhoeff (1925b), Attems (1949) and Foddai et al. (1996). As there is no further evidence for the occurence of these two species in Corsica most modern authors (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009, Iorio 2010b) consider their presence on the island uncertain, at least in the case of Lithobius dentatus. Both specimens studied by Léger and Duboscq (1903: 309) probably belong to Lithobius blanchardi and are here, although tentatively, assigned to this species on the assumption that they are conspecific with the probably immature single unsexed specimen 6.5 mm long, with 39 antennal articles and 8 ocelli, described by Léger and Duboscq (1903: 309) as Lithobius acuminatus Brölemann, 1892 and the single male 10 mm long and with 44 antennal articles described by Verhoeff (1943) from the same locality, Vizzavona, as Lithobius acuminatus cassinensis Verhoeff, 1925 are here referred to Lithobius blanchardi according to Iorio (2010b).

The supposed presence of Lithobius tricuspis Meinert, 1872 in the Sardinia-Corsica complex has been already discussed by Zapparoli (2009). In his view all records of this species from Sardinia must be assigned to Lithobius turritanus Fanzago, 1881, a species belonging to a group including a number of closely related species distributed in the Western Mediterranean area, such as Lithobius acuminatus, Lithobius blanchardi and Lithobius trinacrius Verhoeff, 1925, whose identities deserve further investigation. The cave records of Lithobius tricuspis recorded by Manfredi (1956) from Corsica are here assigned to Lithobius blanchardi. These records are the same as those quoted as “Chilopodes” or “Lithobiides” in Rémy (1950: 27, 28, 33, 34).

5. Lithobius (Lithobius) brandensis Verhoeff, 1943

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_brandensis

1) Lithobius brandensis Verhoeff 1943: 16, figs 20, 21.
2) Lithobius brandensis Verhoeff 1943: Rémy 1950: 7.
3) Lithobius brandensis Verh.: Manfredi 1956: 293.
4) Lithobius brandensis Verhoeff, 1943: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
5) Lithobius (Lithobius) brandensis Verhoeff, 1943: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
6) Lithobius (Lithobius) brandensis Verhoeff, 1943: Iorio 2010b: 41, 56, 74.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (4, 5, 6). Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Brando], cave of Brando, 90 m [88 m in Rémy 1950] (1, 2, loc. typ. of Lithobius brandensis Verhoeff, 1943) [I]. [Furiani], cave of Sulane, [240 m] (3) [I]. [Lano], cave e’ Cherpinede, [800 m] (3) [II].

General distribution.

Corsica (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009).

Chorotype.

Corsican endemic, uncertain affinities.

Ecological notes.

90–240 m; only in caves (3 sites; eutroglophilic species?). See Verhoeff (1943), Rémy (1950), Manfredi (1956).

Remarks.

To this species in part refers the generic quotation of “Chilopodes” published in Rémy (1950: 6, 7, 27) from the cave of Brando (collection date 1942) previously published by Verhoeff (1943), as well as those from the cave of Sulane and, partly, from the cave of Cherpinede (both collected in 1948), both later published by Manfredi (1956).

6. Lithobius (Lithobius) castaneus Newport, 1844

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_castaneus

1) Lithobius castaneus Newport: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 309.
2) Lithobius castaneus Newp.: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
3) Lithobius castaneus: Brölemann 1926: 231.
4) Lithobius castaneus Newp.: Verhoeff 1926: 271.
5) Lithobius castaneus Newport, 1844: Brölemann 1930: 311, figs 439–441.
6) Lithobius castaneus remyi Verhoeff 1943: 15, fig. 19.
7) Lithobius castaneus Newp.: Attems 1949: 114.
8) Lithobius castaneus remyi Verh.: Manfredi 1956: 292.
9) Lithobius (Lithobius) castaneus Newport, 1844: Minelli 1978: 154.
10) Lithobius castaneus Newport, 1844: Demange 1981: 256.
11) Lithobius castaneus Newport, 1844: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
12) Lithobius (Lithobius) castaneus Newport, 1844: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 675.
13) Lithobius (Lithobius) castaneus Newport, 1844: Iorio 2010b: 42, 75, 95, fig. 61.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (9). Corsica (2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Bastelica, Val d’Ese, 1671 m, Fagus sylvatica (13) [III]. Between Bastelica and Mount Renoso, 1200 m, Quercetum (13) [II]. Piana, Aitone forest (4) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Corte (1) [I]. Valdoniella [= Valdu Niellu], 1000–1100 m (6, loc. typ. of Lithobius castaneus remyi Verhoeff, 1943) [III]. Vivario, 600 m (13) [I]. Vizzavona (1) [III]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Castiglione], cave of [A] Leccia Torta, [670 m] (8) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Evisa, falls of Aitone, Pinus laricio wood, 900 m: 17.IV.2004, MZ, 2 ♂♂, 1 imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Evisa, falls of Aitone, 1000 m: 3.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Asco River valley, 1000 m: 6.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Col de Vergiu, eastern slope, 1150 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [III]. Corte, Restonica Valley, Pinus laricio wood, 950–1000 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 6 ♂♂, 5 ♂♂ imm., 2 ♀♀, 3 ♀♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Mount Rotondo, NW slope, Vallone loc. Rinoso, 1800–2200 m: 26.VII.1982, AVT, 2 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [IV]. Olmi-Cappella, near the cemetery: 20.XI.2010, JR-JML, 1 ♂ EI det. (CEI) [II]. Vizzavona, Fagus sylvatica wood, 1600 m: 2.IV.1991, RA, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [III]. Vizzavona: VII.1915, EB, 9 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [III]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - Castiglione, cave of A Leccia Torta, [670 m]: 2010, JR-JML, 1 ♂ EI det. (CEI) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Austria (south), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, France (Pyrenees, Alpes Maritimes, Corsica), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Malta, Portugal (mainland), Serbia, Slovenia, Spain (mainland); records from Bulgaria require confirmation; North Africa: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia; Central America: Guatemala (introduced, established?).

Chorotype.

S-European.

Ecological notes.

600–2200 m, inferior altitudinal limit probably lower; woodland species recorded from localities in all vegetation belts except the Alpine, in Pinus laricio woods (2 sites), Fagus sylvatica woods (2 sites) and in Quercus woods (1 site); also in caves (1 record). See Rémy (1950), Manfredi (1956), Iorio (2010b).

Remarks.

To this species refers the generic quotation of “Chilopodes” published in Rémy (1950: 26) from the cave of A Leccia Torta (collection date 1948) later published as Lithobius castaneus remyi by Manfredi (1956).

7. Lithobius (Lithobius) cherpinedensis Iorio, 2010

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_cherpinedensis

1) Lithobius (Lithobius) cherpinedensis Iorio 2010b: 30, 42, 75, figs 25, 54, 85.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (1). Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - Lano, cave e’ Cherpinede, [800 m], loc. typ. of Lithobius (Lithobius) cherpinedensis Iorio, 2010 (1) [II].

General distribution.

Corsica.

Chorotype.

Corsican endemic; W-European affinities.

Ecological notes.

800 m; troglobitic species found only in the type locality (Iorio 2010b).

Remarks.

This is the only true troglobitic centipede so far known in Corsica. Its relatioships with the western European cave Lithobius species especially Lithobius (Lithobius) anophtalmus Matic, 1957 from northern Spain (Guipúzcoa and Vizcaya provinces) has been discussed by Iorio (2010b).

Figure 1.

Lithobius cherpinedensis Iorio, 2010: female holotype, Lano, cave of Cherpinede, 20.XI.1967, leg. P. Beron (see Iorio 2010), head and first leg-bearing segments, lateral view. Note the absence of ocelli; the Tömösváry’s organ, although of large size, is very weakly chitinized and invisible in the picture.

8. Lithobius (Lithobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_lapidicola

1) Lithobius borealis Mein.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 309.
2) Lithobius pusillus Latzel?: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 310.
3) Lithobius borealis Mein. (?): Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
4) Lithobius pusillus Latz.: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
5) Lithobius pusillus Latzel, 1880: Brölemann 1930: 294.
6) Lithobius borealis Mein.: Attems 1949: 113.
7) Lithobius borealis Mein.: Manfredi 1956: 292.
8) Lithobius (Lithobius) pusillus Latzel, 1880: Minelli 1978: 154.
9) Lithobius (Lithobius) borealis Meinert, 1872: Minelli 1978: 154.
10) Lithobius (Lithobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Minelli 1978: 154.
11) Lithobius pusillus Latzel, 1880: Demange 1981: 253.
12) Lithobius lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
13) Lithobius (Lithobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Iorio 2004a: 32.
14) Lithobius (Lithobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Iorio 2008: 140.
15) Lithobius (Lithobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 677.
16) Lithobius (LIthobius) lapidicola Meinert, 1872: Iorio 2010b: 42, 78.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (8, 9, 10). Corsica (3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Bastelica, Castanetum (16) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B (13) - Casamozza (16) [I]. Corte (1) [I]. Corte, Lac de Melo, 1711 m, hygrophilous meadow around the lake (13) [IV]. Haute-Asco, near Mount Cinto, ca 1700 m, hygrophilous meadow (13) [IV]. Vizzavona (1, 2) [III]. Vizzavona, Col de Vizzavona (16) [III]. Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - [Brando], cave of Brando [88 m] (7) [I]. Sisco, cave of Sisco [sea level] (7, 16) [I]. [Sorio], cave of Gudrone, [420 m ca] (7) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Evisa, falls of Aitone, Pinus laricio wood: 13.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Porto, between Col de la Croix and Plage de Tuara, low maquis, 200–250 m: 14.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Zonza, surroundings: 13.VIII.1997, MZ, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 ♀ imm. MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Asco River valley, 1000 m: 6.VIII.1997, MZ, 9 ♂♂, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Cap Corse, Col St. Lucia, Tour de Seneca, Quercus ilex wood, 450 m: 11.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Col de Vergiu, eastern slope, 1150 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 12 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀ MZ det. (CMZ) [III]. Corte, Restonica Valley, Pinus laricio wood, 1080 m: 15.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ♂ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Mount Renoso, 2300 m: [no date], PB, 1 ♂ EI det. (MNHN) [V].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Denmark (mainland), France (mainland, Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Greece (mainland, Ionian Is.), Hungary, Ireland, Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Montenegro, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain (mainland, Canary Is.), Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine.

Chorotype.

Centraleuropean.

Ecological notes.

200–2300 m, inferior altidudinal limit probably lower; euriecious species, recorded from localities in all vegetation belts, in Pinus laricio woods(2 sites), in montane hygrophilous meadows (2 sites), in Castanetum (1 site), in Quercus ilex woods (1 site), in low maquis (1 site); also in caves (3 sites; trogloxene species). See Rémy (1950), Manfredi (1956), Iorio (2009, 2010b).

Remarks.

The cave records of Lithobius borealis published by Manfredi (1956) from the caves of Brando, Sisco and Gudrone, are tentatively referred to this species. These records belong to the material generically quoted as “Chilopodes”, “Lithobiides” (collection date 1948) by Rémy (1950: 4, 5, 6, 11). The uncertain record of Lithobius pusillus Latzel, 1880 published by Léger and Duboscq (1903) is also tentatively assigned to this species (see also Demange 1981).

9. Lithobius (Lithobius) nodulipes Latzel, 1880

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_nodulipes

1) Lithobius (Lithobius) nodulipes Latzel, 1880: Iorio 2010b: 36, 43, 80, fig. 101.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (1). Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Nonza (1) [I]. Omessa, 800 m (1) [I]. Pietracorbara (1) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy (mainland), Liechtenstein?, Romania, Slovenia, Switzerland (Matic 1966, Würmli 1972, Eason 1982, Kos 1992, Stoev 1997, Tajovský 2001, Dányi 2005, Tuf and Laška 2005, Zapparoli and Minelli 2005, Negrea 2006, Purger et al. 2007).

Chorotype.

Centraleuropean.

Ecological notes.

Only one record, from 800 m above sea level; recorded only from localities of the Mesomediterranean belt.

Remarks.

The Corsican specimens of Lithobius nodulipes recently found by Iorio (2010b) are identical with the typical form in all major taxonomic characters but show some slight differences in the shape of the triangular projections of tergites 9, 11 and 13 and in plectrotaxy (see Iorio 2010b: 36). At present it is difficult to determine whether these differences are constant or intraspecifically variable. It is also suggested that the poorly known Lithobius brandensis might be conspecific with Lithobius nodulipes or to another species from the same morphological group. Since only the female of Lithobius brandensis has hitherto been known, this question cannot be resolved here.

10. Lithobius (Lithobius) pilicornis Newport, 1844

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_pilicornis

1) Lithobius doriae Pock. [sic]: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Lithobius pilicornis hexodus Bröl.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 309.
3) Lithobius hexodus Bröl.: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
4) Lithobius pilicornis: Brölemann 1926: 232.
5) Lithobius doriae uccianensis Verhoeff 1943: 15.
6) Lithobius (Lithobius) doriae (Pocock, 1890): Minelli 1978: 154.
7) Lithobius pilicornis Newport, 1844: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
8) Lithobius (Lithobius) pilicornisNewport, 1844: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 678.
9) Lithobius (Lithobius) pilicornisNewport, 1844: Iorio 2010b: 43, 81, 98, figs 81, 82, 83.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (6). Corsica (3, 4, 7, 8, 9). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio (1, 2) [I]. Bastelica, above of Petite Scaldasole (9) [III]. Bastelica, Val d’Ese, 1671 m, Fagus sylvatica (9) [III]. Between Bastelica and Mount Renoso, 1200 m, Quercetum (9) [II]. Ucciani (5, loc. typ. of Lithobius doriae uccianensis Verhoeff, 1943) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Folleli, Faille d’Emerini [Mt] (9) [III]. Vizzavona (2) [III].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Col de Bavella, NE slope, 1100 m: 14.VII.1982, AVT, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Col de Forét de l’Ospedale, 950 m: 14.VII.1982, AVT, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Zonza, surroundings: 13.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ♂ MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Vizzavona, Fagus sylvatica wood, 1100 m: 2.VI.1982, VS, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [III]; ibidem, Fagus sylvatica wood, 1600 m: 2.IV.1991, RA, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [III].

General distribution.

Europe: France (mainland, Corsica), Great Britain (including Channel Is.), Italy (northern regions, Sardinia), Portugal (mainland, Azores, Madeira), Spain (mainland, Canary Is.), The Netherlands; North Africa: Morocco; introduced in Ireland, Nicobare Is. (India) and Sao Tomé (Gulf of Guinea).

Chorotype.

W-European.

Ecological notes.

950–1671 m, altitudinal range probably wider; montane and submontane species, recorded from localities in the Supramediterranean and Montane belts; the old record from Ajaccio by Pocock (1894) is questionable as the locality is outside the usual altitudinal range of the species; mostly in Fagus sylvatica woods (3 sites) but also in Quercus woods (1 site). See Iorio (2010b).

11. Lithobius (Lithobius) raffaldii Iorio, 2009

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_raffaldii

1) Lithobius (Lithobius) raffaldii Iorio 2009: 114, figs 1–5.
2) Lithobius (Lithobius) raffaldii Iorio, 2009: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 679.
3) Lithobius (Lithobius) raffaldii Iorio, 2009: Iorio 2010b: 19, 28, 43, 82, figs 7, 20, 21, 65, 66, 68, 106.
Literature records.

General. Corsica (2, 3). Cave. Haute-Corse, 2B - Cagnano, cave d’i Mori (3) [I]. Caporalino, cave of Monte A Supietra (1, 3, loc. typ. of Lithobius (Lithobius) raffaldii Iorio, 2009) [I].

General distribution.

Corsica (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009).

Chorotype.

Corsican endemic, W-European affinities.

Ecological notes.

Elevation range unknown; only found in caves (2 sites; eutroglophilic species). See Iorio (2009, 2010b).

Remarks.

Although not completely adapted to the subterranean environment with its fairly numerous ocelli, the only two records so far known of Lithobius raffaldii are from caves. This species is characterized by the presence of very long and highly segmented antennae, and very long legs, in particular legs 14 and 15 (Iorio 2009, 2010b). These features have never been observed in epigeic Lithobiidae but are frequently found in troglophilous and troglobitic species. Lithobius raffaldii seems to be quite distant from its closest epigeic congener which suggests that it very likely inhabits the deeper soil layers and rock crevices and very rarely goes outside hypogean habitats. Its morphological relatioships with the W-European Lithobius (Lithobius) variegatus Leach, 1814 have been discussed in Iorio (2009).

Subgenus Sigibius Chamberlin, 1913
12. Lithobius (Sigibius) remyi Verhoeff, 1943

http://species-id.net/wiki/Lithobius_remyi

1) Monotarsobius remyi Verhoeff 1943: 14, fig. 18.
Literature records.

Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Erbalunga (1, loc. typ. of Monotarsobius remyi Verhoeff, 1943) [I].

General distribution.

Corsica.

Chorotype.

Corsican endemic, uncertain affinities.

Ecological notes.

Elevation range unknown; epigeic species. No records on habitat preferences, the type locality falls however within the Mesomediterranean belt.

Remarks.

The identity of this species has not been reviewed since its description. The species is known only from its type material and inexplicably it has been overlooked in the contemporary check-list of the centipedes of Corsica (Foddai et al. 1996) and France (Geoffroy and Iorio 2009, Iorio 2010b). Its status remain uncertain because the only known specimen, upon which the original species description is based, is an immature male.

Order Scolopendromorpha Pocock, 1895 Family Cryptopidae Kohlrausch, 1881 Cryptops Leach, 1815 Subgenus Cryptops Leach, 1815
13. Cryptops (Cryptops) anomalans Newport, 1844

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptops_anomalans

1) Cryptops anomalans Newp.: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Cryptops anomolans [sic] lusitanus Verh.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 310.
3) Cryptops punctatus lusitanus Verh.: Verhoeff 1925a: 655.
4) Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844: Minelli 1978: 156 [pars].
5) Cryptops anomalans Newport, 1844: Iorio and Geoffroy 2008: 82.
6) Cryptops (Cryptops) anomalans Newport, 1844: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 681.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (3, 4, 6). Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B (5) - Bastia (1, 2) [I]. Vizzavona (2) [III].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, European Turkey, France (including Corsica?), Germany, mainland and insular Greece (incl. Crete), Hungary, Italy, Macedonia (FYROM), Montenegro, Romania, S. Ukraine (incl. Crimea), Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, The Netherlands; introduced in Britain and, probably, North America. Different authors have recorded Cryptops anomalans from Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (North Africa) (cf. Brölemann, 1921: 104, 1932: 49 as Cryptops Savignyi Leach, 1817); records from Tunisia are very probably due to misidentification and refer to Cryptops trisulcatus (Akkari et al. 2008: 97); records from other countries need to be reassessed.

Chorotype.

S-European.

Ecological notes.

No records.

Remarks.

The older records of Cryptops anomalans and Cryptops anomalans lusitanus Verhoeff, 1896 from Corsica by Pocock (1894) and Léger and Duboscq (1903) respectively, thelatter subsequently recorded as Cryptops punctatus lusitanus by Verhoeff (1925a), are uncertain. One of us (MZ) belives they are based on misidentified specimens of Cryptops trisulcatus, a species that had not been described at the time (see also Akkari et al. 2008: 97). Although Pocock (1894) did not describe his material morphologically, the sparse information given by Léger and Duboscq (body length 26 mm, last pair of legs with tibial and tarsal saw of 12 and 5 teeth respectively) corresponds well with the description of Cryptops trisulcatus (cf. Brölemann 1930: 211) although Cryptops anomalans also has a similar pattern (Iorio and Geoffroy 2008). With no current records available from the study area, the presence of Cryptops anomalans in Corsica still needs verification.

The citation of Corse-du-Sud, published in Iorio and Geoffroy (2008: 82) is erroneous and is herewith deleted from the list.

14. Cryptops (Cryptops) hortensis (Donovan, 1810)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptops_hortensis

1) Cryptops hortensis Leach: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Cryptops hortensis Leach: Verhoeff 1943: 13.
3) ? Cryptops hortensis Leach, 1815: Minelli 1978: 156 [pars].
4) Cryptops hortensis Leach, 1815: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
5) Cryptops hortensis: Iorio and Geoffroy 2007b: 32, fig. 2.
6) Cryptops hortensis (Donovan, 1810): Iorio and Geoffroy 2008: 83, figs 2a, 3a, 5c.
7) Cryptops (Cryptops) hortensis (Donovan, 1810): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 681.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (3). Corsica (4, 7). Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B (6) - Bastia (1, 2, 5) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Cap Corse, Col St. Lucia, Tour de Seneca, Quercus ilex wood, 450 m: 11.IV.2004, MZ, 2 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Ghisoni, Inzecca, collector unknown, 1 ex EI det. (MNHN) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark (mainland), Finland, France (mainland, Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Greece (mainland, insular including Crete), Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Poland, Portugal (mainland, Azores, Madeira), Romania, Russia (European), Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain (mainland, Canary Is.), Switzerland, Sweden, The Netherlands, Ukraine; North Africa: Morocco; West Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey (northern), Tadzikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; North America: Canada (introduced), USA (introduced); Atlantic islands: St. Helena (introduced); Pacific islands: Hawaii (introduced).

Chorotype.

Centralasiatic-European.

Ecological notes.

Local altitudinal range and habitat preferences very poorly known; only one record, from a Quercus ilex wood at 450 m a.s.l. All three previously known localities are situated in the Mesomediterranean belt.

15. Cryptops (Cryptops) trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptops_trisulcatus

1) Cryptops trisulcatus Broel.: Kraepelin 1903: 44.
2) Cryptops trisulcatus Brolemann: Jeannel 1926: 188.
3) Cryptops (Cryptops) trisulcatus Bröl.: Attems 1930: 225, figs 289–292.
4) Cryptops trisulcatus Brolemann [sic], 1902) [sic]: Brölemann 1930: 211, figs 344–350.
5) Cryptops trisulcatus corsicus Verhoeff 1943: 13, fig. 17.
6) Cryptops hortensis Leach, 1815: Minelli 1978: 156 [pars].
7) Cryptops trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902: Minelli 1978: 156.
8) Cryptops trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
9) Cryptops trisulcatus (Brölemann, 1902) [sic]: Iorio and Geoffroy 2008: 86, fig. 2e, 5b.
10) Cryptops (Cryptops) trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 681.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (6, 7). Corsica (2, 3, 4, 8, 10). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A (9) - Ajaccio (1) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B (9) - Erbalunga (5, loc. typ. of Cryptops trisulcatus corsicus Verhoeff, 1943) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Bonifacio, la Citadelle, collector unknown, 1 ex EI det. (MNHN) [I]. Evisa, falls of Aitone, 1000 m: 3.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Evisa, Castanea sativa wood above the village, 850 m: 13.IV.2004, MZ, 4 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [II]. Porto, between Col de la Croix and Plage de Tuara, low maquis, 200–250 m: 14.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [I].Tizzano, 7 km NE: 10.VIII.1997, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Cap Corse, Col St. Lucia, Tour de Seneca, Quercus ilex wood, 450 m: 11.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Macinaggio, Route du Douanier, low maquis, 30 m: 9.IV.2004, MZ, 1 ex MZ det. (CMZ) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: France (mainland, Corsica), Greece (Ionian Is., Southern Sporades, Crete), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Maltese Archipelago, Portugal (mainland), Romania, Spain (mainland, Balearic Is., Canary Is.); North Africa: Algeria, Tunisia; West Asia: Turkey (south–east).

Chorotype.

Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

30–1000 m; thermophilous species; all records originate from the Mesomediterranean and Supramediterranean belts, in Quercus ilex woods (1 site), Castanea sativa woods (1 site), maquis (1 site), low maquis (1 site).

Family Scolopendridae Newport, 1844 Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758
16. Scolopendra oraniensis Lucas, 1846

http://species-id.net/wiki/Scolopendra_oraniensis

1) Scolopendra affinis Newp.: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Scolopendra oraniensis Luc.: Kraepelin 1903: 246.
3) Scolopendra oraniensis lusitanica Verh.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 310.
4) Scolopendra oraniensis lusitanica Verh.: Verhoeff 1925a: 655.
5) Scolopendra oraniensis: Brölemann 1926: 232.
6) Scolopendra oraniensis var. lusitanica Verh.: Verhoeff 1926: 271.
7) Scolopendra canidens oraniensis H. Luc.: Attems 1930: 36, fig. 50.
8) Scolopendra canidens, subsp. oraniensis (Lucas, 1846) [sic]: Brölemann 1930: 204.
9) Scolopendra canidens oraniensis Lucas, 1846: Minelli 1978: 156.
10) Scolopendra oraniensis Lucas: Würmli 1980: 348, fig. 27.
11) Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844 oraniensis (Lucas, 1846) [sic]: Demange 1981: 236.
12) Scolopendra oraniensis: Lewis 1985: 128, map 2.
13) Scolopendra oraniensis Lucas, 1846: Foddai et al. 1996: 360, Tab. I.
14) Scolopendra oraniensis H. Lucas, 1846: Iorio and Geoffroy 2006: 48.
15) Scolopendra oraniensis Lucas, 1846: Iorio and Geoffroy 2008: 82.
16) Scolopendra oraniensis: Simaiakis and Mylonas 2008: 42, fig. 1.
17) Scolopendra oraniensisLucas, 1846: Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 681.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (9). Corsica (2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A (15) - Ajaccio (1, 3, 14) [I].Sargone [= Sagone], near (6) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B (15) - Bastia (3, 14) [I]. [Casamiccioli], Cap [di a] Candela (14) [II]. Corte (14) [I]. [Manso], Pirio (14) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Macinaggio, Route du Douanier, low maquis, 30 m: 9.IV.2004, MZ, 2 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [I]. Nebbio, Col Verzu, maquis, 300 m: 12.IV.2004, MZ, 2 exx MZ det. (CMZ) [I].

General distribution.

France (Corsica), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Malta, Portugal (mainland), Spain (mainland, Balearic Is.); North Africa: Algeria, Morocco (Würmli 1980, Lewis 1985).

Chorotype.

W-Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

30–300 m; thermophilous species, recorded only from localities in the Mesomediterranean belt, two records from maquis (low maquis, 1 site).

Remarks.

The old record of Scolopendra affinis from Ajaccio (Pocock 1894) is referred to this species according to Attems (1930).

Order Geophilomorpha Pocock, 1895 Family Himantariidae Cook, 1895 Himantarium C.L. Koch, 1847
17. Himantarium gabrielis (Linnaeus, 1767)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Himantarium_gabrielis

1) Himantarium Gabrielis L. [sic]: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 311.
2) Himantarium Brölemanni Léger et Duboscq 1903: 311, 318.
3) Himantarium gabrielis Latz. [sic]: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
4) Himantarium brölemanni Lég. [sic]: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
5) Himantarium Brolemanni: Brölemann 1926: 231.
6) Himantarium Gabrielis (Linné, 1766) [sic]: Brölemann 1930: 60, figs 25–29.
7) Himantarium gabrielis (Linnaeus, 1767): Minelli 1978: 156.
8) Pseudohimantarium mediterraneum (Meinert, 1870): Minelli 1978: 156.
9) Himantarium gabrielis (Linné, 1767): Demange 1981: 226.
10) Himantarium gabrielis (Linnaeus, 1767): Foddai et al. 1996: 361, Tab. I.
11) Himantarium gabrielis(Linnaeus, 1767): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 682.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (7, 8). Corsica (3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio (1) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Ciusco [probably a misspelling for Sisco] (Cap Corse) (2, loc. typ. of Himantarium brölemanni Léger and Duboscq, 1903) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, France (mainland, Corsica), Greece (mainland, insular excluding Crete), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania (southern), Slovenia, quoted from Portugal by Attems (1929) but not by Machado (1952), also in Central Europe according to Brölemann (1930); North Africa: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia; South Africa: Madagascar (?), introduced (Lawrence 1960); West Asia: Turkey (western).

Chorotype.

Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

No new records; the only two records previously known come from the Mesomediterranean belt. In mainland Italy and Sardinia the species is widespread in many type of habitats, from Mediterranean shrubs to thermophilous forests (Minelli and Iovane 1987, Zapparoli 2002, 2009). The paucity of records from Corsica of this common Mediterranean species is noteworthy.

Remarks.

The synonymy of Himantarium brölemanni with Himantarium gabrielis is according to Minelli (2006).

Stigmatogaster Latzel, 1880
18. Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Stigmatogaster_gracilis

1) Stigmatogaster gracilis Mein.: Pocock 1894: 164.
2) Stigmatogaster gracilis Mein.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 311.
3) Diadenoschisma gracile Mein.: Verhoeff 1925a: 656.
4) Stigmatogaster gracilis provincialis Chal. and Rib.: Attems 1929: 39.
5) Stigmatogaster gracilis, subsp. provincialis Chalande et Ribaut, 1909: Brölemann 1930: 77, figs 53–55.
6) Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870): Minelli 1978: 156.
7) Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870) provincialis Chalande et Ribaut, 1909: Demange 1981: 227.
8) Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870): Foddai et al. 1996: 361, Tab. I.
9) Stigmatogaster gracilis (Meinert, 1870): Iorio 2004a: 32.
10) Stigmatogaster gracilis(Meinert, 1870): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 682.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (6). Corsica (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio (le Salario) (1, 2) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Bastia (2) [I]. Corte (2) [I]. Giraglia Is. (8) [I]. Haute-Asco, near Mount Cinto, ca 1600 m, hygrophilous meadow (9) [III]. Vizzavona (2) [III].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio, Sagone/Vico, approx 300 m, (code 74-4): 27.IX.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 91 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. N Ajaccio, approx 20 m, (code 74-8): 29.IX.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 99 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. N Ajaccio, Golfe de Lava, 10–200 m, (code 74-6): 28.IX.1974, KT, 1 ♀ 101 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. S Ajaccio, Col Cortone, approx 550 m, (code 74-25): 7.X.1974, KT, 3 ♂♂ 97, 101, 101 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I].S Ajaccio, N Porto Pollo, 100 m, (code 74-14): 2.X.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 99 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. S Ajaccio, Port de Chiavari, obh. Coti, approx 400 m, (code 74-10): 29.IX.1974, KT, 1 ♀ 99 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. S Ajaccio, Porto Pollo, approx 15 m, (code 74-15): 2.X.1974, KT, 1 ♀ 103 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. S Ajaccio, uhb. Coti/Chiavari, approx 300 m, (code 74-24): 7.X.1974, KT, 2 ♀♀ 95, 97 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. Villanova, canton d’Ajaccio: 11.XI.1967, PB, 1 ♂ 95 lp EI det. (MNHN) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Croatia, France (mainland, Corsica), Greece (mainland, insular excluding Crete), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Montenegro, Spain (Balearic Is.); North Africa: Algeria, Tunisia.

Chorotype.

Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

10–1600 m, mostly below 550 m; chiefly recorded from localities in the Mesomediterranean belt but also present in the Montane belt where one record from hygrophilous meadows is known.

Family Dignathodontidae Cook, 1895 Dignathodon Meinert, 1870
19. Dignathodon microcephalus (Lucas, 1846)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Dignathodon_microcephalus

1) Dignathodon microcephalum [sic] Lucas: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 311.
2) Dignathodon microcephalum [sic] Luc.: Verhoeff 1925a: 655.
3) Dignathodon clavigerum Verhoeff 1943: 12, fig. 14.
4) Dignathodon clavigerum Verh.: Attems 1947: 138.
5) Dignathodon microcephalum [sic] (Lucas, 1846): Minelli 1978: 159.
6) Dignathodon microcephalus (Lucas, 1846): Foddai et al. 1996: 361, Tab. I.
7) Dignathodon microcephalus(Lucas, 1846): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 682.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (5). Corsica (2, 6, 7). Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio (1) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Bastia (1) [I]. Corte (1) [I]. Marine de Sisco, “nahe dem Meer” (3, 4, loc. typ. of Dignathodon clavigerum Verhoeff, 1943) [I]. Giraglia Is. (5) [I].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - N Ajaccio, Golfe de Lava, 10–200 m, (code 74-6): 28.IX.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 77 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Patrimonio: 26.XI.1967, PB, 1 ♂ 79 lp EI det. (MNHN) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France (mainland, Corsica), Greece (mainland, insular including Crete), Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Luxembourg (introduced?), Montenegro, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Spain (mainland, Balearic Is.), Ukraine (Crimea); North Africa: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia; West Asia: Jordan, Israel, Syria, Turkey.

Chorotype.

Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

10–200 m; thermophilous species, recorded only from localities in the Mesomediterranean belt; common in Mediterranean habitats (Minelli and Iovane 1987, Zapparoli 2002, 2006, 2009). There are no records for the habitat preferences of the local populations except for that of Verhoeff (1942), “nahe dem Meer”.

Remarks.

The synonymy of Dignathodon clavigerum with this species is according to Minelli (2006).

Henia C.L. Kock, 1847 Subgenus Meinertia Bollman, 1893
20. Henia (Meinertia) bicarinata (Meinert, 1870)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Henia_bicarinata

1) Scotophilus bicarinatus Mein.: Léger and Duboscq 1903: 311.
2) Henia bicarinata Mein.: Verhoeff 1925a: 655.
3) Henia bicarinata: Brölemann 1926: 231.
4) Henia bicarinata (Mein.): Attems 1929: 234.
5) Henia bicarinata (Meinert, 1870): Minelli 1978: 158.
6) Henia bicarinata (Meinert, 1870): Foddai et al. 1996: 361, Tab. I.
7) Henia (Meinertia) bicarinata(Meinert, 1870): Geoffroy and Iorio 2009: 683.
Literature records.

General. Sardinia-Corsica (5). Corsica (2, 3, 4, 6, 7). Epigeic. Haute-Corse, 2B - Cap Corse (1) [I]. Vizzavona (1) [III].

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Serriera, surroundings, 150 m: 30.VII.1997, MZ, 1 ♀ 71 lp MZ det. (CMZ) [I].

General distribution.

Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, France (mainland, Corsica), Greece (mainland, insular including Crete), Hungary, Iberian Peninsula, Italy (mainland, Sicily, Sardinia), Macaronesia; North Africa: Maghreb; West Asia: Turkey, Caucasus (Minelli 1982).

Chorotype.

Mediterranean.

Ecological notes.

150 m; recorded from the Mesomediterranean and Montane belts, no records on habitat preferences.

Remarks.

Subgeneric assignment according to Minelli (1982).

Subgenus Pseudochaetechelyne Minelli, 1982
21. Henia (Pseudochaetechelyne) brevis (Silvestri, 1896)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Henia_brevis

Literature records.

None.

Material examined.

Epigeic. Corse-du-Sud, 2A - Ajaccio, Vico, N Sagone, uhb. Col de Sorro, Quercus, Castanea, approx 600 m, (code 74-21): 5.X.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 18 mm long 51 lp MZ det. (NHMW) [I]. Haute-Corse, 2B - Corte, Col de Vizzavona, approx 1100 m, (code 74-17): 30.X.1974, KT, 1 ♂ 15 mm long 51 lp MZ det. (CMZ) [III].

General distribution.

Europe: France (mainland, Corsica), British Is., Germany (south-west), Italy (mainland, Pantelleria Is., Sardinia), Moldova (Eason 1964, Minelli 1982, Spelda 1991, Minelli 2006, Barber 2008).

Chorotype.

S-European.

Ecological notes.

600–1100 m; recorded from two localities in the Mesomediterranean and Montane belts, one record from Quercus and Castanea mixed wood.

Remarks.

No previous records are known from Corsica. The specimen from Vico lacks an apical claw on the last leg and is only tentatively assigned to this species. Subgeneric assignment according to Minelli (1982).

Subgenus Chaetechelyne Meinert, 1870
22. Henia (Chaetechelyne)